William Conrad (September 27, 1920 – February 11, 1994) was an American World War II fighter pilot, actor, producer, and director whose career spanned five decades in radio, film, and television, peaking in popularity when he starred in the detective series Cannon (1971–1976).
A radio writer and actor, he moved to Hollywood after his World War II service and played a series of character roles in films beginning with the quintessential film noir The Killers (1946). He created the role of Marshal Matt Dillon for the popular radio series Gunsmoke (1952–1961) and narrated the television adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (1959–1964) and The Fugitive (1963–1967).
Finding fewer onscreen roles in the 1950s, he changed from actor to producer-director with television work, narration, and a series of Warner Bros. films in the 1960s. Conrad found stardom as a detective in the TV series Cannon (1971–1976) and Nero Wolfe (1981), and as district attorney Jason Lochinvar "J.L." "Fatman" McCabe in the legal drama Jake and the Fatman (1987–1992).
Early life
William Conrad (also known as John William Conrad) was born John William Cann, Jr., on September 27, 1920, in Louisville, Kentucky.[1][2] His parents, John William Cann and Ida Mae Upchurch Cann, owned a movie theatre,[3][2] and Conrad grew up watching movies. The family moved to Southern California when Conrad was in high school. He majored in drama and literature at Fullerton College, in Orange County, California, and began his career as an announcer, writer, and director for Los Angeles radio station KMPC.[4]
Conrad served as a fighter pilot in World War II. On the day he was commissioned in 1943 at Luke Field, he married June Nelson (1920–1977) of Los Angeles.[5] He left the United States Army Air Forces with the rank of captain and as a producer-director of the Armed Forces Radio Service.[6]
Career
Radio
William Conrad estimated that he played more than 7,500 roles during his radio career.[7] At KMPC, the 22-year-old Conrad produced and acted in The Hermit's Cave (circa 1940–44), the Los Angeles incarnation of a popular syndicated horror anthology series created at WJR Detroit.[8]:319
He was among the supporting cast for the espionage drama The Man Called X (1944–48); the syndicated dramatic anthology Favorite Story (1946–49); the adventure dramas The Count of Monte Cristo (Mutual 1947–48), The Voyage of the Scarlet Queen (Mutual 1947–48), The Green Lama (CBS 1949), and Nightbeat (NBC 1950–52); Romance (1950); Hollywood Star Playhouse (1950–53); Errol Flynn's The Modern Adventures of Casanova (Mutual 1952); and Cathy and Elliott Lewis's On Stage (CBS 1953–54).[8]:431, 244, 181, 706, 299, 507, 584, 326, 467, 512
Conrad was the voice of Escape (1947–1954), a high-adventure radio series.[8]:232 He played Warchek, a menacing policeman, in Johnny Modero: Pier 23 (Mutual 1947), a detective series starring Jack Webb, and was in the cast of Webb's crime drama Pete Kelly's Blues (NBC 1951).
He played newspaper editor Walter Burns opposite Dick Powell's reporter Hildy Johnson in the ABC radio drama The Front Page (1948). He was Dave the Dude in the syndicated drama anthology series The Damon Runyon Theater (1948); Lt. Dundy in the NBC radio series The Adventures of Sam Spade (1949–50); boss to government special agent Douglas Fairbanks Jr. in The Silent Men (NBC 1951); and a New Orleans bartender in the NBC adventure drama Jason and the Golden Fleece (1952–53).[8]:374, 541, 273, 189, 12, 615, 368
Most prominently, Conrad's deep, resonant voice was heard in the role of Marshal Matt Dillon on CBS Radio's gritty Western series Gunsmoke (April 26, 1952 – June 18, 1961). The producers originally rejected him for the part because of his ubiquitous presence on so many radio dramas and the familiarity of his voice, but his impressive audition could not be dismissed, and he became the obvious choice for the role. Conrad voiced Dillon for the show's nine-year run, and he wrote the June 1953 episode "Sundown."[9] When Gunsmoke was adapted for television in 1955, executives at CBS did not cast Conrad or his radio costars despite a campaign to get them to change their minds.[10]
His other credits include Suspense, Lux Radio Theater, and Fibber McGee and Molly. In "The Wax Works," a 1956 episode of Suspense, Conrad performed every part.[7] Because of his CBS Radio contract, he sometimes appeared on shows on other networks under the pseudonym "Julius Krelboyne."
In January 1956, Conrad was the announcer on the debut broadcast of The CBS Radio Workshop, a two-part adaptation of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World which Huxley himself narrated. "On the air, The CBS Radio Workshop was a lightning rod for ideas," wrote radio historian John Dunning, who cites Conrad's "tour de force" performances in the subsequent broadcasts "The Legend of Jimmy Blue Eyes" (March 23, 1956) and "A Matter of Logic" (June 1, 1956).[8]:144–145 Conrad directed and narrated the 1957 episode "Epitaphs," an adaptation of Edgar Lee Masters's poetry volume Spoon River Anthology.[11]
"And '1489 Words' (Feb. 10, 1957) remains a favorite of many, a powerful Conrad performance proving that one picture is not necessarily worth a thousand words," Dunning concluded. "A lovely way to end a day, a decade, or an era."[8]:145
Film
The Maltese Falcon sat on a bookshelf in Conrad's California home until his death in 1994 As an actor in feature films, Conrad was often cast as a threatening figure. His most notable role may be the first for which he was credited, as one of the gunmen sent to eliminate Burt Lancaster in The Killers (1946).
Conrad also appeared in Body and Soul (1947), Sorry, Wrong Number (1948), Joan of Arc (1948), and The Naked Jungle (1954).
In 1961, Conrad moved to the production side of the film business, producing and directing for Warner Bros. film studio.[12]
His most notable film was Brainstorm (1965), a latter-day film noir that has come to be regarded as "a minor masterpiece of the 1960s"[13] and "the final, essential entry in that long line of films noirs that begins at the end of the Second World War."[14]
Conrad was the executive producer of Countdown (1968), a science-fiction thriller starring James Caan and Robert Duvall that was the major studio feature début of director Robert Altman.
Conrad narrated the documentary Design For Disaster, produced by the Los Angeles City Fire Department, about the November 1961 Bel Air wildfire that gutted several neighborhoods, at the time the worst conflagration in Los Angeles history.
As a token of appreciation from Jack L. Warner, head of Warner Bros., Conrad received one of the two original lead-metal falcon statues used in the classic film The Maltese Falcon (1941). The falcon sat on a bookshelf in Conrad's house from the 1960s. Standing 11.5 in (29.2 cm) high and weighing 45 lb (20.4 kg), the figurine had been slashed during the making of the film by Sydney Greenstreet's character Kasper Gutman, leaving deep cuts in its bronze patina. After Conrad's death, the statue was consigned by his widow Tippy Conrad to Christie's, which estimated it would bring $30,000 to $50,000 at auction. In December 1994, Christie's sold the falcon for $398,500.[15] In 1996, the purchaser, Ronald Winston of Harry Winston, Inc., resold the prop to an unknown European collector "at an enormous profit"—for as much as $1 million.[16]
Late in life, Conrad narrated the opening and closing scenes of the 1991 Bruce Willis feature film Hudson Hawk.
Television
Voice
As "Bill Conrad," he narrated the animated Rocky and Bullwinkle series from 1959 to 1964. He narrated This Man Dawson, a 33-episode syndicated crime drama starring Keith Andes in the 1959–1960 television season, and then became the familiar voice narrating The Fugitive, starring David Janssen, on ABC television from 1963 to 1967. He could also be heard introducing Count Basie's Orchestra and Frank Sinatra on Sinatra's 1966 Live at the Sands album.
Conrad intoned a rhyming narration heard over the credits of the 1970 John Wayne film Western Chisum. His voice is heard in the Clio Award-winning 1971 public-service announcement about pollution featuring Iron Eyes Cody, created for Earth Day by Keep America Beautiful and the Ad Council.[17]
From 1973 to 1978, Conrad narrated the TV nature program, Wild, Wild World of Animals. Also during the 1970s, he appeared in and narrated a number of episodes for ABC's American Sportsman, and in the CBS documentary, The Lost Treasure of the Concepcion. He later narrated The Making of Star Wars (1977), the 1978 World Series U.S.-baseball highlight film, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (1979), and The Rebels (1979). He performed the role of Denethor in the 1980 animated TV version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Return of the King. His other voice work included narration for The Highwayman and the High Flight sign off featuring the F-15.[18][19]
Directing
With Sam Peckinpah, Conrad directed episodes of NBC's Klondike in the 1960–1961 season. Other credits as a director include episodes of The Rifleman, Bat Masterson, Route 66, Have Gun – Will Travel, 77 Sunset Strip, and Ripcord, as well as ABC's crime drama Target: The Corruptors!.
In 1963, Conrad directed Jeffrey Hunter in what became a 26-week Warner Bros. Western television series, Temple Houston. On orders from then-studio boss Jack Webb, Temple Houston episodes were put together in two or three days each, something previously thought impossible in television production. Work began on August 7, 1963, with the initial airing set for September 19. Jimmy Lydon, a former child actor, adult actor, and a producer with Warner Bros. at the time, recalled that Webb told the staff, "Fellas, I just sold Temple Houston. We gotta be on the air in four weeks, we can't use the pilot, we have no scripts, no nothing — do it!"[20] Lydon recalled the team having worked around the clock to get Temple Houston on the air. Co-producer William Conrad directed six episodes, two scripts simultaneously on two different soundstages at Warner Bros. "We bicycled Jeff (Hunter) and (Jack) Elam between the two companies, and Bill shot 'em both in four-and-a-half days. Two complete one-hour shows!" said Lydon.[20]
Acting
Conrad guest-starred in NBC's science-fiction series The Man and the Challenge and in the syndicated skydiving adventure series Ripcord, with Larry Pennell and Ken Curtis. In 1962, he starred in an episode of The Alfred Hitchcock Hour and guest-starred in episodes of ABC's crime drama Target: The Corruptors!.
From 1971 to 1976 he starred in television detective series Cannon, which was broadcast on CBS. While starring in the show, he weighed 230 pounds (104 kg), and ballooned to 260 pounds (118 kg) or more.
"I heard that Weight Watchers had banned its members from watching the show, but it turned out to be a gag," Conrad said in 1973. "The publicist for Weight Watchers did call and suggest that I have lunch with their president. I said sure – if I could pick the restaurant."[21]
From the early 1980s to the early 1990s he starred in two other TV series, each with a crime detection/courtroom drama theme:
Nero Wolfe (1981),
and Jake and the Fatman (1987–92) with Joe Penny.
Later life
In 1957, Conrad was married to former fashion model Susan Randall (1940–1979), and the couple had one son, Christopher.[22] In 1980, Conrad married Tipton "Tippy" Stringer (1930–2010), a TV pioneer and the widow of NBC newscaster Chet Huntley.[23] She helped manage his career during their 14-year marriage.[24]
Death
William Conrad died in Los Angeles on February 11, 1994, from congestive heart failure.[25] He was buried in the Lincoln Terrace section of Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery, California.
Recognition
Conrad was posthumously elected to the National Radio Hall of Fame in 1997.[26]
Filmography
Actor
Year Title Role Notes
1945 Pillow to Post uncredited
1946 The Killers Max
1947 Body and Soul Quinn
1948 Arch of Triumph Policeman at Accident uncredited
1948 To the Victor Farnsworth
1948 Four Faces West Sheriff Egan
1948 Sorry, Wrong Number Morano
1948 Joan of Arc Guillaume Erard, a Prosecutor
1949 Any Number Can Play Frank Sistina
1949 Tension Lt. Edgar Gonsales
1949 East Side, West Side Lt. Jacobi
1950 Escape (TV series) Narrator
1950 One Way Street Ollie
1950 The Milkman Mike Morrel
1950 Dial 1119 Chuckles
1951 Cry Danger Castro
1951 The Sword of Monte Cristo Major Nicolet
1951 The Racket Detective Sergeant Turk
1952 Lone Star Mizette
1953 Cry of the Hunted Goodwin
1953 The Desert Song Lachmed
1954 The Naked Jungle Commissioner
1954 The Bob Mathias Story Narrator uncredited
1955 5 Against the House Eric Berg
1956 The Conqueror Kasar
1956 Johnny Concho Tallman
1957 The Ride Back Sheriff Chris Hamish
1957 Zero Hour! Narrator uncredited
1958 The Rough Riders (TV series) Wade Hacker "The Governor"
1958–1961 Bat Masterson (TV series) Clark Benson
Dick MacIntyre "Stampede at Tent City"
"Terror on the Trinity"
1959 -30- Jim Bathgate
1959–1960 This Man Dawson (TV series) Narrator
1959–1960 Rocky and His Friends (TV series) Narrator
1961 The Aquanauts (TV series) Corey "Killers in Paradise"
1961–1964 The Bullwinkle Show (TV series) Narrator
1962 Geronimo Narrator uncredited
1962 Target: The Corruptors! (TV series) Dan "Yankee Dollar"
1962 Have Gun—Will Travel (TV series)
"The Man Who Struck Moonshine"
Moses Kadish
"Genesis"
Norge (Gambler)
1962 GE True (TV series) Dr. James Fallon "Circle of Death"
1963 The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (TV series) Sgt. Cresse "The Thirty-First of February"
1963-1964 77 Sunset Strip (TV Series) Clapper Bystander Maestrian uncredited
1963–1967 The Fugitive (TV series) Narrator uncredited
1965 Two on a Guillotine The Fat Man in the Hall of Mirrors uncredited
1965 My Blood Runs Cold Helicopter Pilot (voice) uncredited
1965 Brainstorm Mental Patient uncredited
1965 Hoppity Hooper (TV series) Narrator uncredited
1965 F Troop Narrator "Scourge of the West" uncredited
1965 Battle of the Bulge Narrator uncredited
1966 Chamber of Horrors Narrator uncredited
1968 Countdown TV Newscaster (voice) uncredited
1969 The Dudley Do-Right Show (TV series) Narrator
1969 The Name of the Game (TV series) Arnold Wexler "The Power"
1970 It Takes a Thief (TV series) Strategy Room Announcer (voice) "Situation Red" uncredited
1970 Chisum Narrator uncredited
1970 The Brotherhood of the Bell (TV movie) Bart Harris
1970 The High Chaparral (TV series) China Pierce "Spokes"
1970 Men at Law (TV series) Kornedi "Survivors Will Be Prosecuted"
1970 D. A.: Conspiracy to Kill (TV movie) Chief Vincent Kovac
1971 O'Hara, U. S. Treasury (TV movie) Keegan
1971–1976 Cannon (TV series) Frank Cannon
1973 Gunsmoke (TV series) Narrator "Women for Sale"
1973–1975 Barnaby Jones (TV series) Frank Cannon "Requiem for a Son" "The Deadly Conspiracy: Part 2"
1973–1976 Wild, Wild World of Animals (TV series) Narrator
1974 The FBI Story: The FBI Versus Alvin Karpis,
Public Enemy Number One (TV movie) Narrator uncredited
1975 Attack on Terror: The FBI vs. the Ku Klux Klan (TV movie) Narrator uncredited
1976 The Macahans (TV movie) Narrator
1977 The City (TV movie) Narrator
1977 The Force of Evil (TV movie) Narrator
1977 Moonshine County Express Jack Starkey
1977 The Making of Star Wars Narrator
1977 Quinn Martin's Tales of the Unexpected (TV series) Host and narrator
1977 Catastrophe! Host and narrator
1977–1978 How the West Was Won (TV series) Narrator uncredited
1978 Night Cries (TV movie) Dr. Whelan
1978 Keefer (TV movie) Keefer
1979 Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (TV movie) Narrator uncredited
1979 The Rebels (TV movie) Narrator
1979–1981 Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (TV series) Narrator
1980 Battles: The Murder That Wouldn't Die (TV movie) William Battles
1980 The Return of the King (TV movie) Lord Denethor (voice)
1980 Turnover Smith (TV movie) Thaddeus Smith
1980 The Return of Frank Cannon (TV movie) Frank Cannon
1980 Jockey (TV documentary movie) Host (Himself) Directed by Martin Pitts Written by John Underwood
1980 The Tarzan/Lone Ranger Adventure Hour (TV series) The Lone Ranger (voice) as J. Darnoc
1981 Nero Wolfe (TV series) Nero Wolfe
1981 Side Show (TV movie) Ring Announcer (voice)
1982 The Cremation of Sam McGee: A Poem by Robert W. Service Narrator short
1982 Police Squad! (TV series) Stabbed Man "Testimony of Evil"
1982 Shocktrauma (TV movie) Dr. R. Adams Cowley
1983 The Mikado (TV movie) The Mikado
1983 Trauma Center (TV series) Narrator
1983 Manimal (TV series) Narrator
1984 Murder, She Wrote (TV series) Major Anatole Karzof "Death Takes a Curtain Call"
1985 In Like Flynn (TV movie) Sergeant Dominic
1986 Hotel (TV series) Art Patterson "Shadows of a Doubt"
1986 Killing Cars [de] Mr. Mahoney
1986 Vengeance: The Story of Tony Cimo (TV movie) Jim Dunn
1986 Matlock (TV series) D. A. James L. McShane "The Don"
1987 The Highwayman (TV movie) Narrator uncredited
1987 The Highwayman (TV series) Narrator uncredited
1987–1992 Jake and the Fatman (TV series) Jason Lochinvar "Fatman" McCabe
1991 Hudson Hawk Narrator
1973 Carol Burnett and Friends Himself
Director
Year Title Notes
1955 Highway Patrol (TV series) "The Trap"
1958 Target (TV series) "The Unknown"
1959 Mackenzie's Raiders (TV series) "The Pen and the Sword"
1959 Bold Venture (TV series) "Go Fight Sidney Hall"
"Dial M for Mother"
"Oh Kaplan, My Kaplan"
"The Last Hungry Man"
"One of Our Friedkins Is Missing … Fine"
"The Glittering Skull of Irving Tezcula"
1959 The Rifleman (TV series) "Three Legged Terror"
1959 The Rough Riders (TV series) "Deadfall"
1959–1960 This Man Dawson (TV series)
1959–1960 Tombstone Territory (TV series) "Marked for Murder"
"The Black Diamond"
"Silver Killers"
"The Governor"
1959–1961 Bat Masterson (TV series) "Wanted: Dead"
"The Reluctant Witness"
"The Good and the Bad"
"Ledger of Guilt"
1960 Lock-Up (TV series) "Poker Club"
"So Shall Ye Reap"
1960 Men into Space (TV series) "Mission to Mars"
"Mystery Satellite"
1960 Klondike (TV series) "Klondike Fever"
"Saints and Stickups"
1960–1961 The Case of the Dangerous Robin (TV series) "The Nightmare"
"The Caper"
"Java"
1961 The Aquanauts (TV series) "The Stakeout Adventure"
1961 Route 66 (TV series) "First Class Mouliak"
1961 Naked City (TV series) "A Kettle of Precious Fish"
"The Day the Island Almost Sank"
"Bridge Party"
1961–1962 Target: The Corruptors! (TV series) "Prison Empire"
"Play It Blue"
"Babes in Wall Street"
"My Native Land"
"A Man's Castle"
"Journey into Mourning"
"A Book of Faces"
"Yankee Dollar"
1962 Saints and Sinners (TV series) "A Night of Horns and Bells"
1962–1963 Have Gun–Will Travel (TV series) "One, Two, Three"
"Don't Shoot the Piano Player" "Darwin's Man"
"Genesis"
"A Miracle for St. Francis"
"The Black Bull"
1962–1963 GE True (TV series) "Harris vs. Castro"
"The Handmade Private"
"The Last Day"
"Man with a Suitcase"
"Mile-Long Shot to Kill"
"The Wrong Nickel"
"The Amateurs"
"Open Season"
"Defendant Clarence Darrow"
"O.S.I."
"Firebug"
"Escape"
"The Moonshiners"
"Security Risk"
"The Black-Robed Ghost"
"Ordeal"
"Pattern for Espionage"
"The Tenth Mona Lisa"
"Commando"
1963 77 Sunset Strip (TV series) six episodes
1963 The Man from Galveston
1963–1964 Temple Houston (TV series) "Billy Hart"
"Thy Name Is Woman"
"A Slight Case of Larceny"
"The Gun That Swept the West"
"The Town That Trespassed"
1963–1971 Gunsmoke (TV series) "Panacea Sykes"
"Captain Sligo"
1965 Two on a Guillotine
1965 My Blood Runs Cold
1965 Brainstorm
1981 Side Show (TV movie)
Producer
Year Title Notes
1957 The Way Back
1959–1960 This Man Dawson (TV series)
1963 77 Sunset Strip (TV series) "88 Bars"
1965 Two on a Guillotine
1965 My Blood Runs Cold
1965 Brainstorm
1966 An American Dream
1967 First to Fight
1967 A Covenant with Death
1967 The Cool Ones executive producer
1968 Chubasco
1968 Countdown executive producer
1968 Assignment to Kill executive producer
1980 Turnover Smith (TV movie) executive producer
References
1. Weil, Martin (February 12, 1994). "Actor William Conrad Dies". The Washington Post.
2. Ancestry.com, 1930 Federal Census [database online]. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com Operations Inc., 2002. Year: 1930; Census Place: Olustee, Jackson, Oklahoma; Roll: 1907; Page: 6B; Enumeration District: 0027; Image: 1132.0; FHL microfilm: 2341641. Retrieved 2015-07-21.
3. Ancestry.com. State of California. California Death Index, 1940–1997. Sacramento, CA, USA: State of California Department of Health Services, Center for Health Statistics
4. Kahana, Yoram, "The Wolfe Man in His Lair." The Australian Women's Weekly, January 29, 1982, pp. 95–96. Retrieved from the National Library of Australia, May 27, 2013
5. Cedar Rapids Tribune, January 13, 1955
6. Hayward, Anthony (February 14, 1994). "Obituary: William Conrad". The Independent. London.
7. William Conrad at the National Radio Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2013-05-27.
8. Dunning, John, On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 1998 ISBN 978-0-19-507678-3 hardcover; revised edition of Tune In Yesterday (1976)
9. "Gunsmoke Radio Episodes". comp.uark.edu. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
10. "Gunsmoke - the radio cast". www.otrsite.com. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
11. The CBS Radio Workshop. J. David Goldin, radioGOLDINdex database. Retrieved 2013-05-27.
12. "Warner Brothers Names Conrad to Head Feature Unit." The New York Times, December 14, 1965. "Mr. Conrad … has been under contract to the studio as a producer-director for the last four years."
13. Silver, Alain, and Elizabeth Ward , eds., Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style, Woodstock, New York: The Overlook Press, 1979, p. 41.
14. Christopher, Nicholas, Somewhere in the Night: Film Noir and the American City. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997 (revised ed., Emeryville, California: Shoemaker and Hoard, 2006, p. 231).
15. Berry, Heidi L., "Lights, Camera, Auction! Movie Memorabilia Is This Month's Star, From Mae West's Bed to a Maltese Falcon," The Washington Post, December 1, 1994. "Maltese Falcon, Other Movie Memorabilia, Sold at Auction," Associated Press, December 6, 1994. The purchaser was Ronald Winston, president of Harry Winston, Inc. jewelers.
16. LeDuff, Charles, "Bird Made Him a Sleuth". The New York Times, June 29, 1997
17. "Pollution: Keep America Beautiful – Iron Eyes Cody". Ad Council, The Classics. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
18. https://m.imdb.com/name/nm0002016/
19. https://m.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DDI6zXh_tSBw&ved=
20. Billy Hathorn, "Roy Bean, Temple Houston, Bill Longley, Ranald Mackenzie, Buffalo Bill, Jr., and the Texas Rangers: Depictions of West Texans in Series Television, 1955 to 1967", West Texas Historical Review, Vol. 89 (2013), p. 107
21. "Question: I tried to think of…" TV Guide, August 10, 2004. Retrieved 2013-05-27.
22. "Man of Substance; William Conrad's Gruff, Oversize Presence Was a Perfect Fit for Cannon and Jake and the Fatman". People, February 28, 1994. Retrieved 2013-05-26.
23. "General Forum on Genealogy". genforum.genealogy.com. Retrieved December 26, 2008. "Tippy Stringer Conrad, TV weather girl in 1950s", The Boston Globe, October 27, 2010. "Tipton 'Tippy' Stringer Huntley Conrad", Lone Peak Lookout (Big Sky, Montana), October 14, 2010
24. Brown, Emma, "Tippy Stringer Huntley Conrad, charming D.C. weather beauty, dies at 80". The Washington Post, October 23, 2010
25. Bourdain, G. S., "William Conrad, 73, TV Actor In 'Fatman' and 'Cannon' Series". The New York Times, February 13, 1994
26. "William Conrad at the Radio Hall of Fame".
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